Eritrea is a country that’s full of history, stunning landscapes, and fewer tourists compared to many other African nations. If you’re planning to visit, there are a few important things you should know before heading there. This guide will walk you through everything from transportation to cultural customs so you feel well-prepared and ready to explore this underrated destination.
Transportation
Getting Around Internally
Public transportation in Eritrea isn’t very developed, but it still works if you’re patient. Buses are the most common form of public transit and are quite cheap. However, be prepared for irregular schedules and crowded conditions.
The bus stations can be a bit chaotic, so ask locals if you’re not sure where to go. In Asmara, the country’s capital, taxis are also available, but rates will vary, and you’ll need to negotiate the fare before getting in.
If you want more control over your itinerary, renting a car is possible, though rental companies are scarce, and driving conditions can be somewhat difficult due to poorly maintained roads outside the main cities.
Traveling Between Cities
Intercity buses connect major cities like Asmara, Keren, and Massawa, but they can be pretty slow. A quicker option is to hire a private car, although it will be more expensive.
Another option, though rarer, is to travel by rail. Eritrea has an old Italian-era railway system that you may be able to experience on a tourist train. It’s more a scenic attraction than a reliable transport method, but it’s worth checking out if you have time.
Safety
General Safety
Eritrea is quite safe for travelers compared to other destinations in the region. Violent crime is rare, but the usual precautions apply: don’t flash expensive items, stay in well-populated and safe areas, and avoid walking alone at night.
Also, be cautious about taking photos in sensitive areas. Military zones and government buildings are off-limits for photography. To stay on the safe side, always ask for permission before taking photos of people.
Travel Restrictions
While Asmara is easy to explore, traveling beyond Eritrea’s capital can be more complicated. You’ll need travel permits to visit certain areas, especially near the border with Ethiopia. Always check with local authorities or your accommodation whether you need a permit for your trip.
It’s also good to be aware of the political situation when traveling to remote areas. Always follow the advice of your embassy and monitor local news reports during your stay.
Cultural Customs
Respect Local Etiquette
In Eritrea, modesty is important. This means both men and women should dress conservatively. Locals tend to wear loose-fitting clothes that cover the body, and it’s a good idea to do the same to show respect.
If you’re invited to a meal at someone’s home, it’s common to bring a small gift like fruit or sweets. Also, expect meals to be communal; sharing food from the same large plate is typical in Eritrean culture.
Religious Sensitivity
Eritrea is a multi-religious country with both Muslims and Christians making up the majority of the population. Always be respectful of religious practices. If you’re visiting churches, mosques, or any other religious sites, make sure to dress appropriately and remain quiet.
Sunday is a particularly important day for Christians, while Muslims typically attend Friday prayers. During these times, you might find public places quieter than usual.
Language Tips
Common Languages
There’s no official language in Eritrea, but Tigrinya, Arabic, and English are the most widely spoken. Many Eritreans in Asmara and larger cities will speak some English, but outside of these areas, you might need to rely on basics of Tigrinya or a translation app.
It’s a good idea to learn some basic phrases in Tigrinya, which can go a long way in making connections with locals:
- “Selam” – Hello
- “Kemey Aleka” – How are you?
- “Yekenyeley” – Thank you
Useful Communication Tips
While most people will appreciate your effort to speak Tigrinya, don’t worry too much if you make mistakes. Eritreans are generally very friendly and willing to help. A smile and polite body language can also go a long way.
If you’re fluent in English, you’ll still be able to get around in major areas. However, learning a few local phrases will always make your experience better, and people will appreciate the effort.
Saving Money
Accommodation
The good news? Eritrea is relatively cheap compared to many other African countries. Budget accommodation, like guesthouses, can be found in most cities at a rate of around $15 to $30 per night. If you’re looking for nicer accommodations, expect to pay more, but only slightly more than in Western countries.
Hostels aren’t common in Eritrea, but it’s worth checking for guesthouses, which can be an affordable alternative. Many guesthouses also offer basic services like breakfast, laundry, and Wi-Fi, which can save you some money during your stay.
Food and Drink
Street food is both delicious and affordable. You can grab local dishes like “injera” or fried fish for about $1 to $3 per meal. Restaurants at budget accommodations may charge around $5 to $10 for a nice meal.
To save money, avoid international chain restaurants or hotels, as those tend to be much more expensive. Stick to local eateries for the best deals.
Transport Savings
Buses between cities are very cheap but slow. A domestic bus ticket might only set you back a dollar or two. Using public transport instead of taxis will save you quite a bit of cash, especially if you’re exploring Asmara or another city for several days.
If you plan to travel over longer distances, flying between cities can be a quicker but expensive option. Stick to land transport whenever possible to keep your costs down.
What to Avoid
Border Areas
Avoid traveling too close to the Ethiopian or Djibouti borders without a government-issued permit. These areas can be politically sensitive, and travelers may be turned away or detained.
You should also avoid taking photos in these regions to avoid any potential misunderstandings with local authorities.
Political Discussions
Eritrea’s political system is complex, and it’s best to steer clear of political discussions, especially when in public spaces. People may be cautious about discussing politics with foreigners, so try not to engage in these kinds of conversations unless it’s brought up by your hosts or company.
Blending In with Locals
Dress Like a Local
If you want to blend in, wear modest clothing. Avoid tank tops or short clothing, especially if you’re a woman. Locals dress conservatively, and doing the same will help you avoid unwanted attention.
Men can get away with wearing short-sleeved shirts and trousers, but avoid shorts if you’re outside a touristy spot.
Be Friendly and Polite
Eritreans are generally very welcoming to foreigners, so it’s essential to be equally friendly. Greet people with enthusiasm and patience, and respect the slow pace of life—you’ll get much better responses that way.
When engaging with the locals, showing genuine interest in their culture and history will go a long way. Many Eritreans are proud of their country’s history and will be happy to share their stories with you.
Enjoy Your Trip!
With its rich history, stunning landscapes, and vibrant culture, Eritrea is an off-the-beaten-path destination that has a lot to offer. Keep these tips in mind to make the most of your trip without breaking the bank or running into problems. Safe travels!
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