The Gambia, often called “The Smiling Coast of Africa,” is known for its welcoming people and rich cultural heritage. While The Gambia may be small, its customs and traditions are important for any traveler to know. This guide will walk you through some key aspects of Gambian etiquette and local customs so you can interact with confidence and respect during your visit.
Greetings
In The Gambia, greetings are taken seriously and are a major part of daily life. You should never dive straight into a conversation without exchanging pleasantries first.
Commonly, people greet each other by saying “Salaam aleikum,” which means “Peace be upon you.” The response is “Aleikum salaam,” meaning “And peace be upon you as well.” This is a standard greeting often used by both Muslims and non-Muslims. If you hear it, acknowledging it with a smile and response is a must.
In more casual situations, “Hello” or “Hi” can be used, but it is still polite to ask “How are you?” Gambians may say “Naka ngeen def?” (How are you?) if they are speaking Wolof, one of The Gambia’s languages. You can reply with “Mangi fi” or “I’m fine.” It’s quite common for greetings to go on for a few sentences, as Gambians enjoy taking the time to connect through conversation.
In addition, shaking hands after a greeting is a sign of respect. Always use your right hand when doing this, as the left hand is traditionally considered unclean.
Dress Code
The Gambia is a majority-Muslim country, and modest dress is appreciated. While beachwear like swimsuits is acceptable at resorts and beaches, it’s important to dress conservatively when out in town or visiting local areas.

For women, it’s a good idea to cover shoulders and knees while walking around local markets, villages, or religious sites. Wearing longer skirts, loose-fitting pants, or sleeved tops will help you blend in and avoid unwanted attention.
Men should also avoid wearing sleeveless shirts or shorts in more formal or religious settings. However, in the street or less formal places, it’s generally more acceptable for men to wear shorts and T-shirts.
Social Customs and Traditions
Respecting Elders
Age is very respected in The Gambia. When greeting an elder, it’s important to show additional respect. Bowing slightly while shaking hands or waiting for them to speak first are simple ways to show courtesy.
If offered a seat by an elder, do not sit before they are seated. It’s considered an important sign of respect to allow elders to hold social authority in gatherings.
Hospitality
Gambian hospitality is famous, and visitors are usually welcomed warmly into homes. If you are invited into a local’s home, it’s customary to bring a small gift like fruit or sweets. Gifts are not expected but are always appreciated, especially if you are staying for a meal.
It is common in Gambian homes to be offered food. Refusing to eat may be considered impolite, so if you don’t want to eat much, you should still try at least a small portion out of respect.
Sitting Etiquette
If you are sitting on the floor, it’s customary to sit cross-legged. Don’t point your feet at anyone while seated, as this is seen as rude. Always sit with your feet flat on the floor if you’re in a chair, or tuck your feet underneath you.

The “Right” Gesture
Always give and receive items (including money, food, or gifts) with your right hand. The left hand is seen as unclean, so using it can unintentionally offend someone. This is consistent in local markets, restaurants, and social interactions.
Behavior in Religious Settings
The Role of Islam
Over 90% of the Gambian population is Muslim, so it’s important to be aware of Islamic customs. While The Gambia is tolerant of other religions, you should be respectful of the local religious norms, especially during Ramadan or while attending a mosque.
Visiting Mosques
At many mosques in The Gambia, visitors are welcome to respectfully observe or take a tour. If you plan to visit a mosque, be sure to take off your shoes before entering and wear modest clothing, covering your arms and legs. Women are often required to cover their heads as well, so it’s good to carry a scarf or shawl if possible.
During prayer times (there are five per day), avoid interrupting locals or walking in front of people who are praying. It’s also wise to keep your voice low if you are outside but near a mosque during prayer.

The Call to Prayer
The call to prayer, known as the ‘adhan,” is heard several times throughout the day. It’s broadcast from mosques and plays a central role in the rhythm of daily life. You don’t need to stop what you’re doing when you hear it, but it’s important to remain respectful. Avoid playing loud music or speaking loudly during this time, especially near mosques or residential areas.
Market Behavior
The markets in The Gambia are vibrant and lively, but they can feel chaotic if you’re not familiar with local customs. Haggling is a natural part of the experience, so don’t feel shy about negotiating prices—just keep it friendly. Smile, engage in small talk, and be patient during the bargaining process.
Remember to always greet vendors before discussing the items you’re interested in buying. The same applies in restaurants and cafes; saying hello and exchanging pleasantries with staff will improve your experience. Kindness and patience go a long way in The Gambia.

Giving Tips
Tipping is encouraged but not mandatory in The Gambia. In hotels, restaurants, and bars, leaving a small tip (around 5% to 10%) is a kind gesture, especially if the service has been good. When using taxis or guides, rounding up the fare or giving a small tip is appreciated as well.
Public Behavior
Physical affection such as hand-holding or hugging is generally avoided or kept private between couples in public spaces, especially members of the opposite sex. While you will see friends or family members holding hands, this is more common with people of the same gender.
If you’re traveling as a couple, it’s best to avoid anything too public like kissing or extended hugging while out in the streets or visiting rural areas. A little discretion will help you maintain respect for the local culture, and you’ll generally fit in better with the customs.
Gift Giving
Gift giving is generally welcomed in The Gambia, but it doesn’t need to be extravagant. If you are invited to someone’s home, a practical gift like food or useful household items will be appreciated.
It’s important to note that you shouldn’t give gifts using your left hand. If you are giving a gift to someone of elder status, pass it on with both hands as a gesture of respect.
Important Phrases to Know
Learning a few key phrases in the local languages will go a long way in helping you connect with Gambians. The most widely spoken languages include English, Mandinka, and Wolof. Below are a few important phrases to keep handy:
- “Salaam aleikum” – Peace be upon you (Arabic)
- “Aleikum salaam” – And peace be upon you (Arabic)
- “Naka ngeen def?” – How are you? (Wolof)
- “I be di” – Thank you (Mandinka)
- “Jarama” – Thank you (Fula)
Final Thoughts
The Gambia offers travelers an incredibly welcoming atmosphere if you are mindful of the local customs. By respecting elders, dressing modestly, and taking time to engage in meaningful greetings, you will create a positive experience with the local people.
Remember, the key to a great trip is understanding and embracing local etiquette. If you approach every interaction with warmth and respect, you’ll be rewarded with kindness and a deeper connection to the Gambian way of life.
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