Peru is a country rich in traditions and cultural practices that shape daily life. Understanding local customs and etiquette will help you blend in with the vibrant Peruvian culture. It shows respect and creates positive interactions with local people. This guide will cover the essential parts of Peruvian etiquette, including greetings, social norms, dress code, and religious customs.
Greetings and Introductions
In Peru, greetings are simple but important. If you meet someone for the first time or in a formal setting, a handshake is the way to go. Maintain eye contact, and greet them with “Buenos días” (Good morning), “Buenas tardes” (Good afternoon), or “Buenas noches” (Good evening). It’s a polite way to introduce yourself, and you’ll find it’s commonly used throughout the country.
If you know someone a little better, like after a few meetings, women often greet each other with a kiss on one cheek. Men will continue with handshakes, though if you’ve formed a bond, a friendly hug might happen. Try to follow their lead and don’t rush into any gestures if you’re unsure.
Also, when addressing older people or people in authority, always refer to them as “Señor” or “Señora” followed by their surname. This is a sign of respect and care in formal contexts.
Politeness and Respect
Peruvians value formality and politeness. When you engage in conversations, avoid being loud or overly direct. Interrupting someone mid-sentence can be seen as disrespectful. It’s best to listen and take turns speaking.
“Please” and “thank you” go a long way in Peru. Say “por favor” when asking for something and “gracias” when you receive it. It’s just a simple gesture to keep things polite.
Also, Peruvians tend to stand closer to each other when conversing compared to North American or Western European cultures. Be mindful that maintaining too much distance might be seen as cold or distant, though it’s always important to respect personal boundaries.
Dress Code Expectations
In Cities
Peruvians dress quite conservatively, especially in the cities. You won’t see many locals walking around in beachwear or very revealing clothing unless they are in super touristy beach areas. For both men and women, simple, neat, and casual clothing works best in urban areas. Wearing shorts is fine but mostly in more tourist-focused places. Locals often prefer pants or jeans, even when it’s hot outside.
In Rural and Traditional Areas
If you’re traveling to traditional towns or higher elevations, like the Andean regions, it’s crucial to dress respectfully. Travelers should avoid wearing flashy or tight clothes. Women should avoid low-cut tops or very short skirts. Men should avoid tank tops. The key is to dress modestly and comfortably.
When Visiting Religious Sites
Churches and other religious sites in Peru demand more formal attire. Both men and women should avoid wearing sleeveless tops or shorts when entering a church. Long pants and skirts that cover the knees are better choices. Bring a scarf or a light jacket to cover your shoulders if needed.
Social Norms and Behavior
Peruvians value their social connections and put much importance on hospitality. If you’re invited to someone’s home, know that this is a big gesture of trust and respect. Always bring a small gift like chocolates or flowers to your host as a way to show thanks. Avoid giving yellow-colored flowers, as they are associated with funerals in Peru.
If you’re offered food or drinks, it’s polite to accept. Declining food might be seen as rude. Even if you’re not particularly hungry, taking a small portion to show gratitude is a good idea. It’s also customary for guests to wait for the host to start eating or for a signal to begin the meal.
Table Manners
Most meals in Peru are eaten using utensils, and it’s important to avoid using your hands to eat except for certain foods. Always keep both hands above the table while dining, and make sure to wait until everyone is served before starting to eat. If you’re dining with locals, saying “¡Buen provecho!” (Enjoy your meal!) before eating is a polite courtesy that Peruvians appreciate.
Handling Money
When paying in stores, restaurants, or markets, always hand over the money directly. Tossing it on the counter may come across as disrespectful. Additionally, be mindful that bartering at local markets is common, especially at souvenir stalls. However, don’t haggle aggressively; just offer a fair counterprice if the seller’s price seems too high.
Festivals and Traditions
Peru has a calendar full of festivals and religious events, many of which date back centuries. If you’re in Peru during a festival, like Inti Raymi (Festival of the Sun) in Cusco, or Semana Santa (Holy Week), expect lively celebrations filled with music, dancing, and traditional costumes. Whenever you take pictures, be sure to ask for permission, especially from performers or locals in traditional attire.
Religious Practices and Traditions
The majority of Peruvians are Roman Catholic, and religion plays a big role in their lives. If you’re traveling during major religious festivals, respect public events like processions or masses. Mass is held every Sunday in Catholic churches, and many Peruvians attend regularly. If you enter a church, ensure to stay quiet and respectful during services, even if you’re just there to visit.
Peruvians also blend Catholicism with ancient beliefs, especially in the Andes. Many people still honor deities from Incan traditions, like Pachamama (Mother Earth). You may witness locals offering small gifts to the earth, especially during rituals. If you’re invited to participate, engage respectfully, but don’t feel pressured to join in religious practices that you don’t feel comfortable with.
Public Transportation and Interaction in Public
When using public transportation, such as buses or colectivos, Peruvians value orderliness. Allow elderly passengers to board first, and always offer your seat to the elderly and pregnant women. Crowded buses are common, so don’t be shocked if personal space on public transport is less than what you’re used to.
Be cautious when using taxis. It’s smart to agree on the price before you get in the taxi as bargaining is normal, especially with unofficial taxis. Always be polite, even during any price discussions.
Gifts and Tipping
If you plan on giving a gift to someone in Peru, don’t rush into extravagant or overly expensive ones. Simple items, such as snacks, chocolates, or souvenirs from your home country, are more appreciated. If you purchase something at the market for someone, it’s a friendly gesture to round up the change or offer a small extra amount. In restaurants, a 5-10% tip is typical if service wasn’t included in the bill. Always check your receipt for service charges before tipping.
Photography Etiquette
Peru is full of stunning landscapes, historic ruins, and lively street scenes, which makes it a dream for photographers. However, it’s important to ask permission before photographing people, especially in indigenous communities. Many locals are used to tourists and may expect a small payment if you take their picture, particularly if they’re wearing traditional clothing. A simple “¿Puedo tomar una foto?” (Can I take a picture?) will go a long way.
Final Thoughts
Respecting the country’s customs and values is key to having a culturally immersive and respectful trip to Peru. Be polite, dress modestly when needed, and make an effort to understand the way things are done locally. Pay attention to how locals act, and you’ll fit right in. Most importantly, enjoy the kindness and hospitality Peruvians offer to travelers.
Leave a reply